Landolt-Brnstein Group V
: Geophysics
Volume 4 

Meteorology 

Subvolume B Physical and Chemical Properties of the Air 
Title Page, Contributors, Preface 
5	
Cloud physics (M. LAUBE, H. HLLER) 1

5.1	
Clouds 1

5.2	
Microphysics of clouds 7

5.3	
References for 5 100

6	
Atmospheric radiation (S. BAKAN, H. HINZPETER) 110

6.0	
Introduction 110

6.1	
Fundamentals of radiative transfer 112

6.2	
Solar radiation 124

6.3	
Emission and absorption by gases 132

6.4	
Scattering 145

6.5	
Solution of the RTE 163

6.6	
Atmospheric radiation field 169

6.7	
References for 6 181

7	
Meteorological optics and radiometeorology (H. JESKE) 187

7.0	
List of symbols and abbreviations 187

7.1	
Introduction 192

7.2	
The refractive index of clear air 213

7.3	
Refraction effects in the atmosphere 229

7.4	
Scattering and absorption phenomena in the atmosphere 249

7.5	
Twilight phenomena 307

7.6	
Visibility 314

7.7	
Special optical phenomena produced by water droplets and ice crystals in the 328

atmosphere

8	
Atmospheric electricity (H. VOLLAND) 349

8.0	
Introduction 349

8.1	
List of symbols 349

8.2	
Electric conductivity of the air 351

8.3	
Global electric circuit 354

8.4	
Cloud electrification 358

8.5	
Lightning and thunder 363

8.6	
Atmospheric radio noise 371

8.7	
Quasi-static electric fields from space 378

8.8	
References for 8 386

9 
Aerosol physics and chemistry (R. JAENICKE) 391

9.0 
List of symbols 391

9.1 
Introduction and overview 393

9.2 
Sources of aerosols and production rates 395

9.3 
Properties of atmospheric aerosols 405

9.4 
Removal of aerosols 428

9.5 
Changes with time 432

9.6 
Properties of aerosols in general 440

9.7 
Instrumentation 443

9.8 
General literature for atmospheric aerosols and their properties 451

9.9 
References for 9 451

10 
Chemical composition of and chemical reactions in the atmosphere 457

(P.
 WARNECK, CH. WURZINGER)
10.0 
List of symbols and abbreviations 457

10.1 
General concepts 459

10.2 
Bulk composition and transport parameters 461

10.3 
Trace gases in the troposphere 487

10.4 
Trace gas behavior in the stratosphere 507

10.5 
Atmospheric reactions 522

10.6 
References for 10 565


