Landolt-Brnstein Group III
: Condensed Matter
Volume 19 

Magnetic Properties of Metals 

Subvolume H Liquid-quenched Alloys 
Introductory material 
6 
Liquid-quenched alloys 1

6.1 
Liquid-quenched and sputtered alloys of 3d elements and main group elements 1

(S.
 KOBE, A.R. FERCHMIN)
6.1.1 
Introduction 1

6.1.1.1 
General remarks 1

6.1.1.2 
Preparation methods 1

6.1.1.3 
Structure 2

6.1.1.4 
How to find the data of a specific alloy in this chapter? 3

6.1.2 
Materials and properties - guide 4

6.1.3 
Paramagnetic properties 47

6.1.3.1 
Cr alloys 48

6.1.3.2 
Mn alloys 49

6.1.3.3 
Fe alloys 52

6.1.3.4 
Co alloys 54

6.1.3.5 
Ni alloys 56

6.1.3.6 
Cu alloys 62

6.1.3.7 
Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn alloys 63

6.1.3.8 
Ni-Ti, Ni-V, Ni-Cr and Ni-Mn alloys 66

6.1.3.9 
Fe-Ni and Co-Ni alloys 67

6.1.3.10 
Cu-Mn, Fe-Cu and Ni-Cu alloys 69

6.1.4 
Magnetic moments, saturation magnetization 70

6.1.4.1 
Definitions 70

6.1.4.2 
Selected methods of measurement 70

6.1.4.2.1 
Neutron scattering 70

6.1.4.2.2 
Hall effect 70

6.1.4.2.3 
Brillouin scattering 70

6.1.4.2.4 
Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) 71

6.1.4.2.5 
Spin wave resonance (SWR) 71

6.1.4.2.6 
Mssbauer effect 71

6.1.4.3 
Zero-temperature magnetization 71

6.1.4.3.1 
Zero magnetization at critical concentration 72

6.1.4.3.2 
Finite magnetization at T = 0 K - concentration dependence 73

6.1.4.3.2.1 
Magnetic valence model 73

6.1.4.3.2.2 
Coordination bonding model 73

6.1.4.4 
Temperature dependence of magnetization 74

6.1.4.4.1 
Low-temperature range 74

6.1.4.4.1.1 
Fe alloys and Co alloys 74

6.1.4.4.1.2 
Fe-Ti and Fe-V alloys 76

6.1.4.4.1.3 
Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn alloys 77

6.1.4.4.1.4 
Co-Fe alloys 78


6.1.4.4.1.5 Fe-Ni alloys 79

6.1.4.4.1.6 Fe-Ni-Cr alloys 81

6.1.4.4.2 
6.1.4.4.3 
6.1.5 
6.1.5.1 
6.1.5.2 
6.1.5.2.1 
6.1.5.2.2 
6.1.5.2.3 
6.1.5.3 
6.1.5.4 
6.1.6 
6.1.6.1 
6.1.6.2 
6.1.6.3 
6.1.6.4 
6.1.6.5 
6.1.6.6 
6.1.6.7 
6.1.6.8 
6.1.6.9 
6.1.6.10 
6.1.6.11 
6.1.6.12 
6.1.6.13 
6.1.6.14 
6.1.6.15 
6.1.6.16 
6.1.6.17 
6.1.6.18 
6.1.6.19 
6.1.6.20 
6.1.6.21 
6.1.6.22 
6.1.6.23 
6.1.6.24 
6.1.6.25 
6.1.7 
6.2 
6.2.1 
6.2.1.1 
6.2.1.2 
6.2.2 
6.2.2.1 
6.2.2.2 
6.2.2.3 
6.2.2.4 
Intermediate-temperature range 81
High-temperature range - the critical region near TC 81
Curie temperature and magnetic phase diagrams 82
Introduction 82
Selected methods of measurement 82
Thermomagnetic measurements 82
Calorimetric measurements 83
Other methods 83
Critical exponents 83
Pressure dependence of the Curie temperature 87
Magnetic moment, saturation magnetization, Curie temperature - Tables and 87

Figures Mn alloys and Fe alloys Co alloys Ni alloys Fe-Ti alloys Fe-V alloys Fe-Cr alloys Fe-Mn alloys Co-Ti alloys Co-V alloys Co-Cr alloys Co-Mn alloys Co-Fe alloys Ni-Mn alloys Fe-Ni alloys Co-Ni alloys Cu-Mn alloys Fe-Cu alloys Co-Fe-V alloys Co-Fe-Cr alloys Co-Fe-Mn alloys Fe-Ni-V alloy Fe-Ni-Cr alloys Fe-Ni-Mn alloys and Co-Ni-Mn alloys Co-Fe-Ni alloys Alloys containing four TM elements References for 6.1 
88
123
135
136
139
140
147
150
151
151
152
153
162
163
177
178
179
180
180
181
182
182
184
184
187
188

Liquid-quenched alloys of 3d elements and rare earth elements (M. SOSTARICH) 209
Introduction 209
General 209
Survey 215
Amorphous alloys with Y and nonmagnetic rare earths (La, Lu) 222
Magnetic moments, ordering temperatures and type of magnetic order 222
Temperature dependence of magnetization 227
High-field magnetization and susceptibility 229
Mssbauer effect 232

6.2.2.5	
Ferromagnetic resonance properties 242

6.2.2.6	
Magnetovolume effects 244

6.2.3	
Alloys with Gd (L = 0) 246

6.2.3.1	
Magnetization, magnetic moments, ordering temperatures and type of magnetic 246

order

6.2.3.2	
Temperature dependence of magnetization and susceptibility 254

6.2.3.3	
High-field magnetization and susceptibility 262

6.2.3.4	
Hyperfine interactions: Mssbauer effect and nuclear magnetic resonance 265

6.2.3.5	
Ferromagnetic resonance and magnetic anisotropy 267

6.2.3.6	
Magnetovolume effects 268

6.2.3.7	
Magnetoresistivity 271

6.2.3.8	
Scaling behaviour and critical exponents 272

6.2.4	
Alloys with light rare earth elements (Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) 275

6.2.4.1	
Magnetization, magnetic moments, ordering temperatures and type of magnetic 275

order

6.2.4.2	
Temperature dependence of magnetization and susceptibility 283

6.2.4.3	
High-field magnetization and susceptibility. Anisotropy constants. Magnetoresistivity. 290

Magnetostriction

6.2.4.4	
Mssbauer effect 294

6.2.5	
Alloys with heavy rare earth elements (Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm) 298

6.2.5.1	
Magnetization, magnetic moments, ordering temperatures and type of magnetic 298

order

6.2.5.2	
Temperature dependence of magnetization and susceptibility 305

6.2.5.3	
High-field magnetization and susceptibility. Magnetic anisotropy 317

6.2.5.4	
Mssbauer effect 322

6.2.5.5	
Magnetoresistivity 323

6.2.5.6	
Scaling behaviour and critical exponents 325

6.2.6	
Alloys with two rare earth species 328

6.2.6.1	
Magnetization, magnetic moments, ordering temperatures and type of magnetic 328

order

6.2.6.2	
Temperature dependence of magnetization and susceptibility 332

6.2.6.3	
Mssbauer effect and magnetic anisotropy 336

6.2.7	
Alloy series - variation of some magnetic properties with the rare earth species 337

6.2.8	
References for 6.2 342


