Landolt-Brnstein Group III: Condensed Matter 
Volume 19 Magnetic Properties of Metals 
Subvolume I2 Magnetic Alloys for Technical Applications. Hard Magnetic Alloys 

Introductory material  
7  Magnetic alloys for technical applications  1  
7.1  Soft magnetic alloys, Invar and Elinvar alloys (See Vol. 19I1)  
7.2  Hard magnetic alloys  1  
7.2.1  Magnet alloys based on 3d elements (T. NAKAMICHI)  1  
7.2.1.1  Introduction and list of abbreviations  1  
7.2.1.1.1  Introduction  1  
7.2.1.1.2  List of frequently used abbreviations  1  
7.2.1.2  Magnet alloys with martensitic transformation  3  
7.2.1.2.1  Fe-C base magnet alloys  3  
7.2.1.2.1.1  Survey of the properties of Fe-C base magnet alloys  3  
7.2.1.2.1.2  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-C, Fe-Cr-C and Fe-W-C alloys as dependent on  7  
the preparation technique  
7.2.1.2.1.3  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Al-C alloys as dependent on the preparation  10  
technique  
7.2.1.2.1.4  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Co-C alloys as dependent on the preparation  12  
technique  
7.2.1.2.2  Fe-Ni and Fe-Mn base magnet alloys  13  
7.2.1.2.2.1  Survey of the properties of Fe-Ni and Fe-Mn base magnet alloys  13  
7.2.1.2.2.2  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Ni base alloys as dependent on the preparation  16  
technique  
7.2.1.2.2.3  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Mn base alloys as dependent on the  19  
preparation technique  
7.2.1.2.3  Fe-Co-V magnet alloys  22  
7.2.1.2.3.1  Survey of the properties of Fe-Co-V magnet alloys  22  
7.2.1.2.3.2  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Co-V alloys as dependent on the preparation  26  
technique  
7.2.1.3  fcc-type magnet alloys with a simple precipitation  30  
7.2.1.3.1  Introduction  30  
7.2.1.3.2  Co-Fe base magnet alloys with high Co content and Co-Fe-Ni alloys with a small  31  
amount of Nb  
7.2.1.3.2.1  Survey of the properties of the magnet system  31  
7.2.1.3.2.2  Permanent magnet properties of the alloy system as dependent on the preparation  34  
technique  
7.2.1.4  bcc-type magnet alloys with a simple precipitation (Fe-Co-Mo and Fe-Co-W alloys)  45  
7.2.1.5  bcc-type magnet alloys with spinodal decomposition  49  
7.2.1.5.1  General introduction  49  
7.2.1.5.2  Fe-Ni-Al base magnet alloys  50  
7.2.1.5.2.1  Introduction  50  
7.2.1.5.2.2  Fe-Ni-Al alloy system  55  
7.2.1.5.2.3  Fe-(5-18) wt % Co-Ni-Al-Cu alloy system  60  
7.2.1.5.2.4  Fe-24 wt % Co-Ni-Al-Cu alloy system  62  
7.2.1.5.2.5  Fe-(30-40) wt % Co-Ni-Al-Ti-Cu alloy system  77  

7.2.1.5.3  Fe-Cr-Co base magnet alloys  89  
7.2.1.5.3.1  Introduction  89  
7.2.1.5.3.2  Fe-Cr-(0-5) wt % Co alloy system  90  
7.2.1.5.3.3  Fe-Cr-(10-15) wt % Co alloy system  95  
7.2.1.5.3.4  Fe-Cr-(23-25) wt % Co alloy system  106  

7.2.1.5.4  Fe-Mo-Ni base magnet alloys  108  
7.2.1.6  fcc-type magnet alloys with spinodal decomposition (Cu-Ni-Co and Cu-Ni-Fe alloys)  113  
7.2.1.6.1  Introduction  113  
7.2.1.6.2  Permanent magnet properties of Cu-Ni-Co alloys as dependent on the preparation  119  
technique  
7.2.1.6.3  Permanent magnet properties of Cu-Ni-Fe alloys as dependent on the preparation  124  
technique  
7.2.1.7  Magnet alloys with order transformation (Co-Pt and Fe-Pt alloys)  130  
7.2.1.7.1  Introduction  130  
7.2.1.7.2  Permanent magnet properties of Co-Pt alloys as dependent on the preparation  134  
technique  
7.2.1.7.3  Permanent magnet properties of Fe-Pt alloys as dependent on the preparation  136  
technique  
7.2.1.8  Intermediate-phase magnet alloys (MnAl and MnAl (C) alloys)  139  
7.2.1.8.1  Introduction  139  
7.2.1.8.2  Permanent magnet properties of MnAl and MnAl (C) alloys as dependent on the  143  
preparation technique  
7.2.1.9  Magnet alloys of the intermetallic compound MnBi  148  
7.2.1.10  Fe-Cu magnet alloys  156  
7.2.1.11  References for 7.2.1  161  
7.2.2  Rare earth - 3d magnet alloys (D. BONNENBERG, H.P.J. WIJN)  166  
7.2.2.1  Introduction  166  
7.2.2.2  Sm-Co magnet alloys  166  
7.2.2.3  Sm-Co-Fe- (M) magnet alloys, M = Cr, Mn  174  
7.2.2.4  Sm-Co-Cu magnet alloys  176  
7.2.2.5  Sm-Co-Cu-Fe- (M) magnet alloys, M = Ti, Zr, Mn, Ni, Hf  181  
7.2.2.6  (Sm)-R-Co-Cu- (Fe) magnet alloys (R = rare earth element)  189  
7.2.2.7  References for 7.2.2  195  
7.2.3  Nd2Fe14B-type magnet alloys (H.P.J. WIJN)  197  
7.2.3.1  Introduction  197  
7.2.3.2  Intrinsic properties  197  
7.2.3.3  Sintered magnets  211  
7.2.3.4  Melt-quenched magnets  223  
7.2.3.5  References for 7.2.3  229  
7.2.4  R2Fe14C-type magnet alloys (E. BURZO, H.R. KIRCHMAYR)  232  
7.2.4.1  Introduction  232  
7.2.4.2  Preparation, crystal structure and lattice parameters  232  
7.2.4.3  Magnetization and Curie temperature  237  
7.2.4.4  Magnetic structure  244  
7.2.4.5  Hyperfine parameters determined by nuclear gamma resonance  245  
7.2.4.6  Hyperfine parameters determined by nuclear magnetic resonance  251  
7.2.4.7  Electrical resistivity  252  
7.2.4.8  Specific heat  252  
7.2.4.9  Magnetostriction  253  

7.2.4.10 
Magnetic anisotropy 253

7.2.4.11 
Permanent magnet properties 257

7.2.4.12 
References for 7.2.4 262

7.2.5 
Rare-earth-iron interstitial compounds (E. BURZO) 265

7.2.5.1 
General 265

7.2.5.1.1 
Introduction 265

7.2.5.1.2 
Relationship between ThMn12- and Th2Mn17-structure types 266

7.2.5.1.3 
Preparation of the alloys 267

7.2.5.2 
R2Fe17Ax compounds with A = C, N, B or D (H) 269

7.2.5.2.1 
Crystal structure and lattice parameters 269

7.2.5.2.2 
Magnetization and Curie temperature 281

7.2.5.2.3 
Magnetic structure 291

7.2.5.2.4 
Hyperfine parameters determined by nuclear gamma resonance 293

7.2.5.2.5 
Hyperfine parameters determined by nuclear magnetic resonance 301

7.2.5.2.6 
Magnetic anisotropy 305

7.5.2.5.7 
Magnetostriction 309

7.2.5.2.8 
Permanent magnet properties 311

7.2.5.3 
RFe12-yMyAx compounds 314

7.2.5.3.1 
Crystal structure and lattice parameters 314

7.2.5.3.2 
Magnetization and Curie temperature 316

7.2.5.3.3 
Magnetic structure 318

7.2.5.3.4 
Hyperfine parameter determined by nuclear gamma resonance 319

7.2.5.3.5 
Magnetic anisotropy 320

7.2.5.3.6 
Permanent magnet properties 322

7.2.5.4 
References for 7.2.5 323



