ISBN: 3-540-67192-7
TITLE: Sliding Friction
AUTHOR: Persson, Bo N.J.
TOC:

1. Introduction 1
2. Historical Note 9
3. Modern Experimental Methods and Results 17
3.1 Surface Forces Apparatus 19
3.2 Friction Force Microscopy 26
3.3 Quartz-Crystal Microbalance 31
4. Surface Topography and Surface Contaminants 37
5. Area of Real Contact: Elastic and Plastic Deformations 45
5.1 Microscale Junctions 45
5.2 Nanoscale Junctions 54
5.3 Area of Real Contact for Polymers 77
6. Sliding on Clean (Dry) Surfaces 93
7. Sliding on Lubricated Surfaces 101
7.1 Hydrodynamic Lubrication 102
7.2 Fluid Rheology 110
7.3 Elastohydrodynamics 119
7.4 On the Thickness of Lubrication Films 120
7.5 Wetting and Capillarity 134
7.6 Introduction to Boundary Lubrication 148
Appendix: Elastohydrodynamics 162
8. Sliding of Adsorbate Layers 171
8.1 Brownian Motion Model 172
8.2 Electronic and Phononic Friction 175
8.3 Sliding Friction in the Low-Density Limit 198
8.3.1 Analytical Results for a 1D-Model 198
8.3.2 A Case Study: Chaotic Motion for a 3D-Model 205
8.4 Linear Sliding Friction 208
8.5 A Case Study: Xe on Silver 215
8.6 Applications 228
8.6.1 Boundary Conditions in Hydrodynamics 228
8.6.2 The Layering Transition 236
8.6.3 Spreading of Wetting Liquid Drops 239
8.7 Two-Dimensional Fluids 243
8.7.1 2D Hydrodynamics 243
8.7.2 Relation Between Sliding Friction and Diffusion 245
8.8 SolidFluid Heat Transfer 248
8.9 Non-linear Sliding Friction 254
8.9.1 Dynamical Phase Transitions in Adsorbate Layers: LennardJones Model 255
8.9.2 Dynamical Phase Transitions in Adsorbate Layers: FrenkelKontorova Model 275
8.10 Role of Defects at High Sliding Velocity and for Small Amplitude Vibrations 278
8.10.1 Model 278
8.10.2 High Sliding Velocities 280
8.10.3 Small Amplitude Vibrations 284
8.11 Friction and Superconductivity: a Puzzle 286
8.12 Layering Transition: Nucleation and Growth 297
9. Boundary Lubrication 313
9.1 Relation Between Stress and Sliding Velocity v 314
9.2 Inertia and Elasticity: "Starting" and "Stopping" 319
9.3 Computer Simulations of Boundary Lubrication 322
9.4 Origin of Stick-Slip Motion and of the Critical Velocity vc 324
9.5 Comparison with Experiments and Discussion 329
10. Elastic Interactions and Instability Transitions 335
10.1 Elastic Instability Transition 335
10.2 Elastic Coherence Length 341
10.3 Sliding of Islands, Big Molecules, and Atoms 345
10.4 Sliding Friction: Contribution from Defects 354
11. Stress Domains, Relaxation, and Creep 363
11.1 The Model 364
11.2 Critical Sliding State at Zero Temperature 367
11.3 Relaxation and Creep at Finite Temperature 370
11.4 Time-Dependent Plastic Deformation in Solids 382
12. Lubricated Friction Dynamics 395
12.1 Small Corrugation: Shear-Melting and Freezing 396
12.2 Large Corrugation: Interdiffusion and Slip at Interface 405
13. Dry Friction Dynamics 415
13.1 A Case Study: Creep and Inertia Motion 416
13.2 Memory Effects: Time Dependence of Contact Area 418
13.3 Theory 421
13.4 Non-linear Analysis and Comparison with Experiments 430
14. Novel Sliding Systems 435
14.1 Dynamics of Earthquakes 435
14.2 Sliding on Ice and Snow 439
14.3 Lubrication of Human and Animal Joints 445
14.4 Sliding of Flux-Line Systems and Charge Density Waves 447
14.4.1 Flux-Line Systems 447
14.4.2 Charge Density Waves 462
14.5 Frictional Coulomb Drag Between Two Closely Spaced Solids 465
14.6 Muscle Contraction 470
14.7 Internal Friction and Plastic Stick-Slip Instabilities in Solids 480
14.8 Rolling Resistance 486
14.9 Friction Dynamics for Granular Materials 492
15. Outlook 497
References 499
Subject Index 513
END
