ISBN: 3540419691
TITLE: Knowledge, Complexity and Innovation Systems
AUTHOR: Fischer, Frhlich
TOC:

Preface
1 Knowledge, Complexity and Innovation Systems: Prologue Manfred M. Fischer and Josef Frhlich 1
PART A: Innovation Systems
2 Networks, National Innovation Systems and Self-Organisation
Pier Paolo Saviotti
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Complexity and Evolutionary Theories 23
2.3 Implications of Evolutionary Theories for the NSI 31
2.4 Conclusions 43
3 Innovation Policy in the Systems of Innovation Approach: Some Basic Principles
Charles Edquist
3.1 Introduction 46
3.2 Innovation Policy 46
3.3 Objectives of Innovation Policy 47
3.4 Reasons for Innovation Policy Intervention 47
3.5 The Role of Different Kinds of Innovations 48
3.6 Systems of Innovation 50
3.7 General Policy Implications of the SI Approach 50
3.8 The SI Approach as a Framework for Designing Specific Innovation Policy 55
4 The Globalisation of Technology and the European Innovation System
Daniele Archibugi with Assistance of Alberto Coco
4.1 Introduction 58
4.2 The Globalisation of Technology 59
4.3 The Quantitative Significance of the Globalisation of Technology and the Position of Europe 61
4.4 Policy Analysis 68
4.5 Conclusions 74
PART B: Knowledge Creation and Spillovers
5 Scaling Knowledge Production: How Significant is the Region?
Arnoud Lagendijk
5.1 Introduction 79
5.2 The Region as a 'Natural' and Unique Site of Knowledge Production 80
5.3 The Region as a System of Innovation 84
5.4 The Region as a Political Site of Knowledge Production 87
5.5 Intermezzo: The Region as a 'Spatially Reified' Site of Knowledge Production 91
5.6 The Region as a 'Socially Constructed' Site of Knowledge Production 96
5.7 Outlook: Region as a Site of Policy Innovation 100
6 Knowledge Spillovers in a Spatial Context - A Critical Review and Assessment
Charlie Karlsson and Agostino Manduchi
6.1 Introduction 101
6.2 Knowledge in Economic Theory 103
6.3 Knowledge Spillovers - a General Introduction 105
6.4 Knowledge Spillovers over the Industry Life-Cycle 109
6.5 Knowledge Spillovers - The Empirical Evidence 110
6.6 Knowledge Spillovers - Towards a Formalisation 114
6.7 Knowledge Spillovers and Spatial Interaction 118
6.8 Modelling the Influence of Knowledge Spillovers 119
6.9 Technology Policy in a World with Knowledge Spillovers 121
6.10 Conclusions 121
7 The Role of Space in the Creation of Knowledge in Austria - An Exploratory Spatial Analysis
Manfred M. Fischer, Josef Frhlich, Helmut Gassler and Attila Varga
7.1 Introduction 124
7.2 Methodology and Data 125
7.3 Time-Space Patterns of Knowledge Production in Austria 130
7.4 Local Inputs to Innovation - an Assessment of Their Relative Significance in Knowledge Production 136
7.5 Conclusions 141
8 Knowledge Spillovers in High Technology Agglomerations: Measurement and Modelling
Elsie Echeverri-Carroll
8.1 Introduction 146
8.2 Core-Periphery Spatial Models 148
8.3 Data and the Definition of High Technology 154
8.4 Statistical Results 155
8.5 Conclusions 158
PART C: Innovation, Knowledge and Regional Development
9 Inventive Knowledge and the Sources of New Technology: Regional Changes in Innovative Capacity in the United States
Luis Suarez- Villa in the United States'
9.1 Introduction 165
9.2 The Emergence of the Sunbelt 166
9.3 The Factors of Inversion 172
9.4 Conclusions 179
10 Urban Innovation and Collective Learning: Theory and Evidence from Five Metropolitan Cities in Europe
Roberta Capello
10.1 Introduction 181
10.2 Learning in Cities 182
10.3 Data, Sample Characteristics and Methodology 188
10.4 Innovative Behaviour of Firms in Metropolitan Cities 191
10.5 The Determinants of Innovation in Cities 197
10.6 Dynamic Urbanisation Economies versus Milieu Economies in Innovative Behaviour: The Role of Firms' Size and Sectoral Specialisation 299
10.7 Conclusions 203
11 Distributed Knowledge in Complex Engineering Project Networks: Implications for Regional Innovation Systems
Neil Alderman
11.1 Introduction 209
11.2 Complex Engineering Project Networks 211
Il.3 Regional Innovation Systems and Project Value Systems 212
11.4 Case Studies 217
11.5 Conclusions 223
12 Endogenous Technological Change, Entrepreneurship and Regional Growth
Zoltn J. cs
12.1 Introduction 228
12.2 Endogenous Technical Change 230
12.3 Entrepreneurial Discovery 233
12.4 Regional Growth 236
12.5 Theory and Empirical Results 242
12.6 Policy Implications 244
PART D: Modelling Complexities
13 Modelling of Knowledge, Capital Formation, and Innovation Behaviour within Micro-Based Profit Oriented and Correlated Decision Processes
Gnter Haag and Philipp Liedl
13.1 Introduction 251
13.2 Modelling Nested Innovation Processes 254
13.3 Simulations for Selected Examples and Scenarios 264
13.4 Conclusions 273
14 Communication and Self-Organisation in Complex Systems: A Basic Approach
Frank Schweitzer and Jrg Zimmermann
14.1 Introduction 275
14.2 Complex Systems and Self-Organisation 276
14.3 Complex Versus Minimalistic Agents 278
14.4 An Information-Theoretic Approach 281
14.5 Basic Model of Communicating Agents 283
13.6 The Mean-Field Approach 286
14.7 Spatial Information Distribution 289
14.8 Conclusions 295
15 Agents, Interactions, and Co-Evolutionary Learning
David F. Batten
15.1 Introduction 297
15.2 Schelling's Self-Organising Neighbourhoods 298
15.3 Simulation via Cellular Automata 302
15.4 Growing an Innovative Silicon Society 306
15.5 Co-Evolutionary Learning 309
15.6 Discovering Artificial Economics 311
15.7 Some Final Thoughts 314
16 Major Actors of Innovation Diffusion Process
Michael Sonis
16.1 Introduction: Innovation Diffusion as a Way to Complexity through the Process of Complication 317
16.2 Major Actors in the Innovation Diffusion Process 318
16.3 The First Principle of Individual Choice within the Collective 328
16.4 Innovators and Innovating Elites 332
16.5 Active Environment and Socio-Ecological Niches 335
16.6 Conclusions 340
PART E: Policy Issues
17 Options, Innovation and Metropolitan Development: Novel Insights from Non-Linear Dynamics
Dimitrios Dendrinos
17.1 Background 345
17.2 Options and Metropolitan Development 347
17.3 Options and Their Prices 350
17.4 Derivatives, Speculation and Development 356
17.5 Derivatives Market Failures and Regulation 361
17.6 Conclusions 367
18 Spatial Dynamics and Government Policy: An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Comparing Complex Systems
Peter Nijkamp, Jacques Poot, and Gabriella Vindigni
18.1 Complexity in a Dynamic Spatial-Economic Context 369
18.2 Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis 372
18.3 Rough Set Analysis as an Artificial Intelligence Tool for Research Synthesis 374
18.4 A Sample of Studies on Government and Growth 377
18.5 The Generalised Rough Set Method: A Multilevel Strategy Learning Approach 379
18.6 Conclusions 390
19 Does R&D-Infrastructure Attract High-Tech Start-Ups?
Dirk Engel and Andreas Fier
19.1 Introduction 402
19.2 Theoretical Reflections 402
19.3 Definitions and Data 405
19.4 High-Tech Start-Ups in Eastern Germany 406
19.5 Determinants for Regional Differences in the Number of High-Tech Start-Ups 410
19.6 Conclusions and Policy Implications 419
References 423
List of Figures 455
List of Tables 457
Subject Index 459
Author Index 467
List of Contributors 475
END
