ISBN: 3540222049
TITLE: Biomedical Devices and Their Applications
AUTHOR: Shi (Ed.)
TOC:

1 Biomaterials in Drug Delivery 1
1.1 Introdttction 1
1.2 Structurc and Prohcrtics of Hydrogels 3
1.2.1 Equilibrium Swelling 5
1.2.2 Network Pore Size Calculation 10
1.3 Diffusion in Hydrogels 12
1.3.1 Nlacroscopic Analysis 13
1.3.2 Network Structural Effects 15
1.3.3 Experimental Determination of Diffusion Coefficients 20
1.4 Classifications 23
1.4.1 Diffusion-Controlled Release Systems 23
1 1.2 Swclling-Controlled Rclease Systems 25
1.4.3 Chemically Controlled Rclcase Systems 26
1.4.4 Environmcntally Responsive Systems 28
References 30
2 Drug Delivery Systems for Localized Treatment of Disease 33
2.1 Introduction 33
2.2 Drug Delivery Systems 33
2.2.1 Diffusion-Controlled Drug Deliverv Deviccs 36
2.2.2 Water-Controlled Drug Delivcry Devices 39
2.2.3 Chemically Controlled Drug Delivcry Devices 40
2.2.4 Lipid-Based Drug Dclivery Systems 41
2.3 Drug Dclivery to the Lung 42
2.4 Bone lnfcction Treatment 44
2.5 Cancer Treatment 48
2.5.1 Intratumoral Versus Systemic Delivery 48
2.5.2 Liver Cancer 49
2.5.3 Neurological Cancer 51
2.5.4 Dermatological (Head and Neck/Skin) Cancer 52
2.5.5 Skeletal Cancer 53
2.5.6 Breast Cancer 54
2.6 Conclusions 55
Acknowledgement 56
References 56
3 Application of Protein Electrophoresis Techniques 61
3.1 Introduction 61
3.2 Common Elcctrophoretic Systems for Separation and Characterization of Proteins 62
3.2.1 Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) 63
3.2.2 Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis: SDS-PAGE 64
3.2.3 Other Common Elcctrophoretic Separation Techniques 68
3.3 Protein Visuahzation: What You See Depends an How You Look 71
3.4 Variables of Statc with Respect to Protein Binding at a Material Surface 75
3.5 Some Rccent Applications of Protein Electrophoresis in Biomaterials Science 79
3.6 Elcctrophoretic Characterization of the Interaction of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Proteins with Glass Surfaces: A Case Study 81
3.6.1 Protein Binding 81
3.6.2 Analyscs of Adsorbed Proteins: General Considerations 84
3.6.3 Analyscs of Adsorbed Proteins from Several Types of Glasscs Via SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE 86
3.7 Conclusions 90
References 90
4 Xenoestrogens as Endocrine Disrupters 93
4.1 Introduction 93
4.2 PrevaIcnce and Biological Effects 95
4.2.1 Classes of Xenoestrogens and Human Exposure 95
4.2.2 Xenoestrogens and Wildlife Reproduction 96
4.2.3 The Unfortunate Conscqucnces of Human Exposure to DES 97
4.2.4 Xenoestrogens and Tumorigencsis 99
4.3 Mechanism of Action 100
4.3.1 Estrogen Receptors: Structure and Function 100
4.3.2 Agonistic and Antagonistic Actions 103
4.3.3 Metabolism and Genotoxicity 104
4.4 Bisphenol A: An Estrogenic Compound in Unexpected 105
4.4.1 BPA: Prevalence and Discovery of Estrogenicity 105
4.4.2 Binding Affinity and in Vitre Actions 107
4.4.3 Effects of BPA an Adult An imals 108
4.4.4 Developmental Effects of Xenocstrogens 112
4.5 Summary and Perspectives 114
References 114
5 Medical Devices
5.1 Research Nlanagement for the Development of Medical Devices 119
5.1.1 Introduction 119
5.1.2 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Medical Produet Developmunt 120
5.1.3 Constructive Medical Technology Assessment 121
5.1.1 Coneurrent Engineering 123
5.2 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices 124
5.2.1 Categories of Medical Devices 124
5.2.2 Animal Experiments 126
5.3 Applications 127
5.3.1 Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems 128
5.3.2 An Extendable Modular Endoprosthetic System for Bone Tumor Management in the Leg 140
5.3.3 The Groningen Temporomandibular Joint Prosthesis 145
5.3.4 Laryngeal Prosthcsis 155
5.3.5 Tracheostoma Valves 171
5.3.6 Fixation of Tracheostoma Valves 177
5.3.7 Voice-Producing Prostliesis 184
References 189
Index 201
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