ISBN: 3790815624
TITLE: The Effective Tax Burden of Companies in European Regions
AUTHOR: Lammersen/Schwager
TOC:

Executive Summary 1
1 Introduction 9
2 Methodology and Coverage of the Study 11
2.1 Methodology 11
2.1.1 Classification of the Approach 11
2.1.2 Assumptions 11
2.1.3 Measures of Effective Tax Burdens and Their Interpretation 13
2.1.4 The Impact of Tax Rules an Effective Tax Burdens 16
2.1.5 Comparison wich the Former Study 18
2.2 Geographical Coverage and Time Horizon 21
3 Characteristics and Development of the Tax Systems 23
3.1 Tax Systems 23
3.1.1 Austria 23
3.1.2 France 24
3.1.3 Germany 25
3.1.4 Ireland 25
3.1.5 Italy 26
3.1.6 The Netherlands 27
3.1.7 Switzerland 27
3.1.8 United Kingdom 28
3.1.9 United States (Boston) 28
3.2 Important Developments 2001-2003 and Beyond 29
4 The Effective Tax Burdens in the Assessed Countries 31
4.1 Results for Each Country 31
4.1.1 Austria 31
4.1.2 France 36
4.1.3 Germany 38
4.1.4 Ireland 41
4.1.5 Italy 41
4.1.6 The Netherlands 44
4.1.7 Switzerland 46
4.1.8 United Kingdom 48
4.1.9 United States (Boston) 48
4.2 Comparison of Patterns in Effective Tax Burdens 49
5 International Comparison of Effective Tax Burdens 53
5.1 Effective Tax Rates in the Base Case 53
5.2 Sensitivity Analyses 59
5.3 Comparison with the Results of Other Studies 62
5.3.1 Gutekunst and Schwager (2002) 62
5.3.2 European Commission (2002) 64
5.3.3 Elschner and Schwager (2004) 65
6 Supplement: The Impact of Shareholder Taxation 69
6.1 Scope, Methodology, and Coverage 69
6.2 Characteristics and Development of Tax Systems 74
6.2.1 Tax Systems 74
6.2.2 Important Developments 2001-2003 and Beyond 76
6.3 International Comparison of Effective Tax Burdens 77
6.4 Conclusions 84
7 Summary and Conclusions 87
App. A Description of the Relevant Tax Parameters 89
A.1 Taxation of Corporate Profits 89
A.1.1 Effective Statutory Profit Tax Rates 89
A.1.2 Definition of the Profit Tax Base 94
A.2 Taxation of Crporate Capital and Real Estate 97
A.3 Personal Taxation of Income and Net Wealth 106
App. B Supplementary Tables and Figures 111
B.1 Assessed Regions 111
B.2 Supplementary Cantonal Effective Tax Rates 113
App. C Supplementary Rankings 119
C.1 Ranking Tables 119
C.2 Ranking Figures 131
App. D Detailed Results 133
D.1 Time Series 2001-2003 134
D.2 Sensitivity Analyses 187
D.3 The Impact of Personal Taxation 219
List of Tables 245 List of Figures 247
References 249
END

