This characterization of the gcd has the following trivial (but important) corollary.

Corollary

Integers a and b are relatively prime if and only if there exist integers x and y such that xa + yb = 1.

A consequence is the following useful result for deducing divisibility of one integer by another.

Proposition

Let a, b, c be integers. If a and b are relatively prime, then a | bc implies a | c.