We verify the three laws for I + J to be an ideal:
If u, u'
I + J,
then u + u'
I + J.
If r
R
and
u
I + J, then
ru
I + J.
I + J.
I + J.
Then there are
x, x'
I and
y, y'
J such that
u =
x + y and
u' = x' + y'
J.
By commutativity of +, we find
I + J.
R
and
u = x + y
I + J
with
x
I and
y
J.
Then
ru = rx + ry
I + J.