Explanation

The definitions are independent of the choice of representatives g, g' of the coset. This is due to the fact that N is a normal subgroup.

For example, in the case of the inverse: If gN = hN, then Ng = hN (here we use that N is a normal subgroup) and so N = hNg-1, whence h-1N = Ng-1 = g-1N.

Similarly, you can check that multiplication is well defined.